Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L)
NAME
zipinfo - list detailed information about a ZIP archive
SYNOPSIS
zipinfo [-12smlvhMtTz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...]
[-x xfile(s) ...]
unzip -Z [-12smlvhMtTz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...]
[-x xfile(s) ...]
DESCRIPTION
zipinfo lists technical information about files in a ZIP
archive, most commonly found on MS-DOS systems. Such infor-
mation includes file access permissions, encryption status, type of compression, version and operating system or file system of compressing program, and the like. The defaultbehavior (with no options) is to list single-line entries
for each file in the archive, with header and trailer lines providing summary information for the entire archive. Theformat is a cross between Unix ``ls -l'' and ``unzip -v''
output. See DETAILED DESCRIPTION below. Note that zipinfo
is the same program as unzip (under Unix, a link to it); onsome systems, however, zipinfo support may have been omitted
when unzip was compiled. ARGUMENTS file[.zip] Path of the ZIP archive(s). If the file specification is a wildcard, each matching file is processed in anorder determined by the operating system (or file sys-
tem). Only the filename can be a wildcard; the path itself cannot. Wildcard expressions are similar to Unix egrep(1) (regular) expressions and may contain: * matches a sequence of 0 or more characters ? matches exactly 1 character [...] matches any single character found inside the brackets; ranges are specified by a beginning character, a hyphen, and an ending character. Ifan exclamation point or a caret (`!' or `^') fol-
lows the left bracket, then the range of charac-
ters within the brackets is complemented (that is, anything except the characters inside the brackets is considered a match). To specify a verbatimleft bracket, the three-character sequence ``[[]''
has to be used. (Be sure to quote any character that might otherwise be interpreted or modified by the operating system,Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 1
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L) particularly under Unix and VMS.) If no matches are found, the specification is assumed to be a literal filename; and if that also fails, the suffix .zip isappended. Note that self-extracting ZIP files are sup-
ported, as with any other ZIP archive; just specify the .exe suffix (if any) explicitly. [file(s)] An optional list of archive members to be processed, separated by spaces. (VMS versions compiled with VMSCLI defined must delimit files with commas instead.) Regular expressions (wildcards) may be used to match multiple members; see above. Again, be sure to quoteexpressions that would otherwise be expanded or modi-
fied by the operating system.[-x xfile(s)]
An optional list of archive members to be excluded from processing. OPTIONS-1 list filenames only, one per line. This option
excludes all others; headers, trailers and zipfile com-
ments are never printed. It is intended for use in Unix shell scripts.-2 list filenames only, one per line, but allow headers
(-h), trailers (-t) and zipfile comments (-z), as well.
This option may be useful in cases where the stored filenames are particularly long.-s list zipfile info in short Unix ``ls -l'' format. This
is the default behavior; see below.-m list zipfile info in medium Unix ``ls -l'' format.
Identical to the -s output, except that the compression
factor, expressed as a percentage, is also listed.-l list zipfile info in long Unix ``ls -l'' format. As
with -m except that the compressed size (in bytes) is
printed instead of the compression ratio.-v list zipfile information in verbose, multi-page format.
-h list header line. The archive name, actual size (in
bytes) and total number of files is printed.-M pipe all output through an internal pager similar to
the Unix more(1) command. At the end of a screenful ofoutput, zipinfo pauses with a ``--More--'' prompt; the
next screenful may be viewed by pressing the Enter(Return) key or the space bar. zipinfo can be
Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 2
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L)terminated by pressing the ``q'' key and, on some sys-
tems, the Enter/Return key. Unlike Unix more(1), there
is no forward-searching or editing capability. Also,
zipinfo doesn't notice if long lines wrap at the edge
of the screen, effectively resulting in the printing of two or more lines and the likelihood that some text will scroll off the top of the screen before being viewed. On some systems the number of available lineson the screen is not detected, in which case zipinfo
assumes the height is 24 lines.-t list totals for files listed or for all files. The
number of files listed, their uncompressed and compressed total sizes , and their overall compression factor is printed; or, if only the totals line is being printed, the values for the entire archive are given.The compressed total size does not include the 12 addi-
tional header bytes of each encrypted entry. Note that the total compressed (data) size will never match the actual zipfile size, since the latter includes all of the internal zipfile headers in addition to the compressed data.-T print the file dates and times in a sortable decimal
format (yymmdd.hhmmss). The default date format is amore standard, human-readable version with abbreviated
month names (see examples below).-z include the archive comment (if any) in the listing.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
zipinfo has a number of modes, and its behavior can be
rather difficult to fathom if one isn't familiar with Unix ls(1) (or even if one is). The default behavior is to list files in the following format:-rw-rws--- 1.9 unx 2802 t- defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
The last three fields are the modification date and time of the file, and its name. The case of the filename isrespected; thus files that come from MS-DOS PKZIP are always
capitalized. If the file was zipped with a stored directory name, that is also displayed as part of the filename. The second and third fields indicate that the file was zipped under Unix with version 1.9 of zip. Since it comes from Unix, the file permissions at the beginning of the lineare printed in Unix format. The uncompressed file-size
(2802 in this example) is the fourth field. The fifth field consists of two characters, either of which may take on several values. The first character may beInfo-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 3
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L) either `t' or `b', indicating that zip believes the file to be text or binary, respectively; but if the file isencrypted, zipinfo notes this fact by capitalizing the char-
acter (`T' or `B'). The second character may also take on four values, depending on whether there is an extended local header and/or an ``extra field'' associated with the file (fully explained in PKWare's APPNOTE.TXT, but basicallyanalogous to pragmas in ANSI C--i.e., they provide a stan-
dard way to include non-standard information in the
archive). If neither exists, the character will be a hyphen(`-'); if there is an extended local header but no extra
field, `l'; if the reverse, `x'; and if both exist, `X'. Thus the file in this example is (probably) a text file, is not encrypted, and has neither an extra field nor an extended local header associated with it. The example below, on the other hand, is an encrypted binary file with an extra field:RWD,R,R 0.9 vms 168 Bx shrk 9-Aug-91 19:15 perms.0644
Extra fields are used for various purposes (see discussionof the -v option below) including the storage of VMS file
attributes, which is presumably the case here. Note that the file attributes are listed in VMS format. Some otherpossibilities for the host operating system (which is actu-
ally a misnomer--host file system is more correct) include
OS/2 or NT with High Performance File System (HPFS), MS-DOS,
OS/2 or NT with File Allocation Table (FAT) file system, and Macintosh. These are denoted as follows:-rw-a-- 1.0 hpf 5358 Tl i4:3 4-Dec-91 11:33 longfilename.hpfs
-r--ahs 1.1 fat 4096 b- i4:2 14-Jul-91 12:58 EA DATA. SF
--w------- 1.0 mac 17357 bx i8:2 4-May-92 04:02 unzip.macr
File attributes in the first two cases are indicated in aUnix-like format, where the seven subfields indicate whether
the file: (1) is a directory, (2) is readable (always true), (3) is writable, (4) is executable (guessed on thebasis of the extension--.exe, .com, .bat, .cmd and .btm
files are assumed to be so), (5) has its archive bit set, (6) is hidden, and (7) is a system file. Interpretation ofMacintosh file attributes is unreliable because some Macin-
tosh archivers don't store any attributes in the archive. Finally, the sixth field indicates the compression methodand possible sub-method used. There are six methods known
at present: storing (no compression), reducing, shrinking,imploding, tokenizing (never publicly released), and deflat-
ing. In addition, there are four levels of reducing (1through 4); four types of imploding (4K or 8K sliding dic-
tionary, and 2 or 3 Shannon-Fano trees); and four levels of
deflating (superfast, fast, normal, maximum compression).Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 4
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L)zipinfo represents these methods and their sub-methods as
follows: stor; re:1, re:2, etc.; shrk; i4:2, i8:3, etc.; tokn; and defS, defF, defN, and defX. The medium and long listings are almost identical to the short format except that they add information on the file's compression. The medium format lists the file's compression factor as a percentage indicating the amount of space that has been ``removed'':-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 81% defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
In this example, the file has been compressed by more than afactor of five; the compressed data are only 19% of the ori-
ginal size. The long format gives the compressed file's size in bytes, instead:-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
In contrast to the unzip listings, the compressed size fig-
ures in this listing format denote the complete size of compressed data, including the 12 extra header bytes in case of encrypted entries.Adding the -T option changes the file date and time to
decimal format:-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 910811.134804 perms.2660
Note that because of limitations in the MS-DOS format used
to store file times, the seconds field is always rounded to the nearest even second. For Unix files this is expected to change in the next major releases of zip(1L) and unzip.In addition to individual file information, a default zip-
file listing also includes header and trailer lines: Archive: OS2.zip 5453 bytes 5 files,,rw, 1.0 hpf 730 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:40 Contents
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 3710 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:33 makefile.os2
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 8753 b- i8:3 26-Jun-92 15:29 os2unzip.c
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 98 b- stor 21-Aug-91 15:34 unzip.def
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 95 b- stor 21-Aug-91 17:51 zipinfo.def
5 files, 13386 bytes uncompressed, 4951 bytes compressed: 63.0%
The header line gives the name of the archive, its total size, and the total number of files; the trailer gives the number of files listed, their total uncompressed size, and their total compressed size (not including any of zip's internal overhead). If, however, one or more file(s) are provided, the header and trailer lines are not listed. Thisbehavior is also similar to that of Unix's ``ls -l''; it may
Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 5
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L)be overridden by specifying the -h and -t options expli-
citly. In such a case the listing format must also bespecified explicitly, since -h or -t (or both) in the
absence of other options implies that ONLY the header ortrailer line (or both) is listed. See the EXAMPLES section
below for a semi-intelligible translation of this nonsense.
The verbose listing is mostly self-explanatory. It also
lists file comments and the zipfile comment, if any, and the type and number of bytes in any stored extra fields. Currently known types of extra fields include PKWARE's authentication (``AV'') info; OS/2 extended attributes; VMSfilesystem info, both PKWARE and Info-ZIP versions; Macin-
tosh resource forks; Acorn/Archimedes SparkFS info; and so
on. (Note that in the case of OS/2 extended attributes--
perhaps the most common use of zipfile extra fields--the
size of the stored EAs as reported by zipinfo may not match
the number given by OS/2's dir command: OS/2 always reportsthe number of bytes required in 16-bit format, whereas
zipinfo always reports the 32-bit storage.)
Again, the compressed size figures of the individual entries include the 12 extra header bytes for encrypted entries. In contrast, the archive total compressed size and the averagecompression ratio shown in the summary bottom line are cal-
culated without the extra 12 header bytes of encrypted entries. ENVIRONMENT OPTIONSModifying zipinfo's default behavior via options placed in
an environment variable can be a bit complicated to explain,due to zipinfo's attempts to handle various defaults in an
intuitive, yet Unix-like, manner. (Try not to laugh.)
Nevertheless, there is some underlying logic. In brief, there are three ``priority levels'' of options: the default options; environment options, which can override or add to the defaults; and explicit options given by the user, which can override or add to either of the above. The default listing format, as noted above, correspondsroughly to the "zipinfo -hst" command (except when indivi-
dual zipfile members are specified). A user who prefers thelong-listing format (-l) can make use of the zipinfo's
environment variable to change this default: Unix Bourne shell:ZIPINFO=-l; export ZIPINFO
Unix C shell:setenv ZIPINFO -l
OS/2 or MS-DOS:
Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 6
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L)set ZIPINFO=-l
VMS (quotes for lowercase):define ZIPINFO_OPTS "-l"
If, in addition, the user dislikes the trailer line,zipinfo's concept of ``negative options'' may be used to
override the default inclusion of the line. This is accom-
plished by preceding the undesired option with one or moreminuses: e.g., ``-l-t'' or ``--tl'', in this example. The
first hyphen is the regular switch character, but the one before the `t' is a minus sign. The dual use of hyphens may seem a little awkward, but it's reasonably intuitive nonetheless: simply ignore the first hyphen and go from there. It is also consistent with the behavior of the Unix command nice(1). As suggested above, the default variable names areZIPINFO_OPTS for VMS (where the symbol used to install
zipinfo as a foreign command would otherwise be confused
with the environment variable), and ZIPINFO for all otheroperating systems. For compatibility with zip(1L), ZIPIN-
FOOPT is also accepted (don't ask). If both ZIPINFO and ZIPINFOOPT are defined, however, ZIPINFO takes precedence.unzip's diagnostic option (-v with no zipfile name) can be
used to check the values of all four possible unzip andzipinfo environment variables.
EXAMPLES
To get a basic, short-format listing of the complete con-
tents of a ZIP archive storage.zip, with both header and totals lines, use only the archive name as an argument tozipinfo:
zipinfo storage
To produce a basic, long-format listing (not verbose),
including header and totals lines, use -l:
zipinfo -l storage
To list the complete contents of the archive without headerand totals lines, either negate the -h and -t options or
else specify the contents explicitly:zipinfo --h-t storage
zipinfo storage \*
(where the backslash is required only if the shell would otherwise expand the `*' wildcard, as in Unix when globbingis turned on--double quotes around the asterisk would have
worked as well). To turn off the totals line by default,Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 7
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L) use the environment variable (C shell is assumed here):setenv ZIPINFO --t
zipinfo storage
To get the full, short-format listing of the first example
again, given that the environment variable is set as in theprevious example, it is necessary to specify the -s option
explicitly, since the -t option by itself implies that ONLY
the footer line is to be printed:setenv ZIPINFO --t
zipinfo -t storage [only totals line]
zipinfo -st storage [full listing]
The -s option, like -m and -l, includes headers and footers
by default, unless otherwise specified. Since the environ-
ment variable specified no footers and that has a higherprecedence than the default behavior of -s, an explicit -t
option was necessary to produce the full listing. Nothingwas indicated about the header, however, so the -s option
was sufficient. Note that both the -h and -t options, when
used by themselves or with each other, override any default listing of member files; only the header and/or footer areprinted. This behavior is useful when zipinfo is used with
a wildcard zipfile specification; the contents of all zip-
files are then summarized with a single command. To list information on a single file within the archive, in medium format, specify the filename explicitly:zipinfo -m storage unshrink.c
The specification of any member file, as in this example, will override the default header and totals lines; only the single line of information about the requested file will be printed. This is intuitively what one would expect when requesting information about a single file. For multiple files, it is often useful to know the total compressed anduncompressed size; in such cases -t may be specified expli-
citly:zipinfo -mt storage "*.[ch]" Mak\*
To get maximal information about the ZIP archive, use the verbose option. It is usually wise to pipe the output into a filter such as Unix more(1) if the operating system allows it:zipinfo -v storage | more
Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 8
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L) Finally, to see the most recently modified files in thearchive, use the -T option in conjunction with an external
sorting utility such as Unix sort(1) (and sed(1) as well, in this example):zipinfo -T storage | sort -nr -k 7 | sed 15q
The -nr option to sort(1) tells it to sort numerically in
reverse order rather than in textual order, and the -k 7
option tells it to sort on the seventh field. This assumesthe default short-listing format; if -m or -l is used, the
proper sort(1) option would be -k 8. Older versions of
sort(1) do not support the -k option, but you can use the
traditional + option instead, e.g., +6 instead of -k 7. The
sed(1) command filters out all but the first 15 lines of thelisting. Future releases of zipinfo may incorporate
date/time and filename sorting as built-in options.
TIPS The author finds it convenient to define an alias ii forzipinfo on systems that allow aliases (or, on other systems,
copy/rename the executable, create a link or create a com-
mand file with the name ii). The ii usage parallels thecommon ll alias for long listings in Unix, and the similar-
ity between the outputs of the two commands was intentional.BUGS
As with unzip, zipinfo's -M (``more'') option is overly
simplistic in its handling of screen output; as noted above, it fails to detect the wrapping of long lines and may thereby cause lines at the top of the screen to be scrolledoff before being read. zipinfo should detect and treat each
occurrence of line-wrap as one additional line printed.
This requires knowledge of the screen's width as well as itsheight. In addition, zipinfo should detect the true screen
geometry on all systems.zipinfo's listing-format behavior is unnecessarily complex
and should be simplified. (This is not to say that it will be.)SEE ALSO
ls(1), funzip(1L), unzip(1L), unzipsfx(1L), zip(1L), zipcloak(1L), zipnote(1L), zipsplit(1L) URLThe Info-ZIP home page is currently at
http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/
orftp://ftp.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/ .
Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 9
Misc. Reference Manual Pages ZIPINFO(1L) AUTHORGreg ``Cave Newt'' Roelofs. ZipInfo contains pattern-
matching code by Mark Adler and fixes/improvements by many others. Please refer to the CONTRIBS file in the UnZip source distribution for a more complete list.ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:_______________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE|
|____________________|__________________|_
| Availability | compress/unzip ||____________________|__________________|_
| Interface Stability| External ||____________________|_________________|
NOTES Source for unzip is available on http://opensolaris.org.Info-ZIP Last change: 28 November 2007 (v2.43) 10