User Commands tip(1)
NAME
tip - connect to remote system
SYNOPSIS
tip [-v] [-speed-entry] {hostname | phone-number | device}
DESCRIPTION
The tip utility establishes a full-duplex terminal connec-
tion to a remote host. Once the connection is established, aremote session using tip behaves like an interactive ses-
sion on a local terminal. The remote file contains entries describing remote systemsand line speeds used by tip.
Each host has a default baud rate for the connection, or youcan specify a speed with the -speed-entry command line argu-
ment.When phone-number is specified, tip looks for an entry in
the remote file of the form:tip -speed-entry
When tip finds such an entry, it sets the connection speed
accordingly. If it finds no such entry, tip interprets
-speed-entry as if it were a system name, resulting in an
error message.If you omit -speed-entry, tip uses the tip0 entry to set a
speed for the connection.When device is specified, tip attempts to open that device,
but will do so using the access privileges of the user,rather than tip's usual access privileges (setuid uucp). The
user must have read/write access to the device. The tip
utility interprets any character string beginning with the slash character (/) as a device name.When establishing the connection, tip sends a connection
message to the remote system. The default value for this message can be found in the remote file.SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 1
User Commands tip(1)
When tip attempts to connect to a remote system, it opens
the associated device with an exclusive-open ioctl(2) call.
Thus, only one user at a time may access a device. This isto prevent multiple processes from sampling the terminal
line. In addition, tip honors the locking protocol used by
uucp(1C).When tip starts up, it reads commands from the file .tiprc
in your home directory. OPTIONS-v Display commands from the .tiprc file as they are exe-
cuted.USAGE
Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote machine, which does the echoing as well.At any time that tip prompts for an argument (for example,
during setup of a file transfer), the line typed may be edited with the standard erase and kill characters. A null line in response to a prompt, or an interrupt, aborts the dialogue and returns you to the remote machine. Commands A tilde (~) appearing as the first character of a line is anescape signal which directs tip to perform some special
action. tip recognizes the following escape sequences:
~^D Drop the connection and exit (you may ~. still be logged in on the remote machine).Note: If you rlogin and then run tip on
the remote host, you must type ~~. (tildetilde dot) to end the tip session. If you
type ~. (tilde dot), it terminates the rlogin. ~c [name] Change directory to name. No argument implies change to your home directory. ~! Escape to an interactive shell on the local machine. Exiting the shell returnsyou to tip.
~> Copy file from local to remote.SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 2
User Commands tip(1)
~< Copy file from remote to local. ~p from [ to ] Send a file to a remote host running the UNIX system. When you use the put command, the remote system runs the command string cat > towhile tip sends it the from file. If the
to file is not specified, the from file name is used. This command is actually aUNIX-system-specific version of the `~>'
command. ~t from [ to ] Take a file from a remote host running the UNIX system. As in the put command the to file defaults to the from file name if it is not specified. The remote host executes the command string cat from; echo ^Ato send the file to tip.
~| Pipe the output from a remote command to a local process. The command string sent to the local system is processed by the shell. ~C Connect a program to the remote machine. The command string sent to the program isprocessed by the shell. The program inher-
its file descriptors 0 as remote line input, 1 as remote line output, and 2 as tty standard error.~$ Pipe the output from a local process to
the remote host. The command string sent to the local system is processed by the shell.~# Send a BREAK to the remote system.
SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 3
User Commands tip(1)
~s Set a variable (see the discussion below).~^Z Stop tip. Only available when run under a
shell that supports job control, such as the C shell.~^Y Stop only the "local side" of tip. Only
available when run under a shell that sup-
ports job control, such as the C shell.The "remote side" of tip, that is, the
side that displays output from the remote host, is left running. ~? Get a summary of the tilde escapes. Copying files requires some cooperation on the part of the remote host. When a ~> or ~< escape is used to send a file,tip prompts for a file name (to be transmitted or received)
and a command to be sent to the remote system, in case thefile is being transferred from the remote system. While tip
is transferring a file, the number of lines transferred will be continuously displayed on the screen. A file transfer may be aborted with an interrupt.Auto-call Units
tip may be used to dial up remote systems using a number of
auto-call unit's (ACUs). When the remote system description
contains the du capability, tip uses the call-unit (cu), ACU
type (at), and phone numbers (pn) supplied. Normally, tip
displays verbose messages as it dials.Depending on the type of auto-dialer being used to establish
a connection, the remote host may have garbage characters sent to it upon connection. The user should never assume that the first characters typed to the foreign host are the first ones presented to it. The recommended practice is toimmediately type a kill character upon establishing a con-
nection (most UNIX systems either support @ or Control-U as
the initial kill character).tip currently supports the Ventel MD-212+ modem and DC
Hayes-compatible modems.
SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 4
User Commands tip(1)
When tip initializes a Hayes-compatible modem for dialing,
it sets up the modem to auto-answer. Normally, after the
conversation is complete, tip drops DTR, which causes the
modem to "hang up." Most modems can be configured so that when DTR drops, theyre-initialize themselves to a preprogrammed state. This can
be used to reset the modem and disable auto-answer, if
desired. Additionally, it is possible to start the phone number with a Hayes S command so that you can configure the modem beforedialing. For example, to disable auto-answer, set up all the
phone numbers in /etc/remote using something likepn=S0=0DT5551212. The S0=0 disables auto-answer.
Remote Host Description Descriptions of remote hosts are normally located in thesystem-wide file /etc/remote. However, a user may maintain
personal description files (and phone numbers) by defining and exporting the REMOTE shell variable. The remote filemust be readable by tip, but a secondary file describing
phone numbers may be maintained readable only by the user. This secondary phone number file is /etc/phones, unless the shell variable PHONES is defined and exported. The phone number file contains lines of the form:system-name phone-number
Each phone number found for a system is tried until either a connection is established, or an end of file is reached.Phone numbers are constructed from `0123456789-=*', where
the `=' and `*' are used to indicate a second dial tone should be waited for (ACU dependent).tip Internal Variables
tip maintains a set of variables which are used in normal
operation. Some of these variables are read-only to normal
users (root is allowed to change anything of interest). Variables may be displayed and set through the ~s escape. The syntax for variables is patterned after vi(1) and mail(1). Supplying all as an argument to the ~s escapedisplays all variables that the user can read. Alterna-
tively, the user may request display of a particular vari-
able by attaching a ? to the end. For example, `~s escape?' displays the current escape character.SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 5
User Commands tip(1)
Variables are numeric (num), string (str), character (char), or Boolean (bool) values. Boolean variables are set merely by specifying their name. They may be reset by prepending a ! to the name. Other variable types are set by appending an = and the value. The entire assignment must not have anyblanks in it. A single set command may be used to interro-
gate as well as set a number of variables.Variables may be initialized at run time by placing set com-
mands (without the ~s prefix) in a .tiprc file in one's home
directory. The -v option makes tip display the sets as they
are made. Comments preceded by a # sign can appear in the
.tiprc file.
Finally, the variable names must either be completely speci-
fied or an abbreviation may be given. The following listdetails those variables known to tip.
beautify (bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is being scripted; abbreviated be. If the nb capability is present, beautify is initially set to off. Otherwise, beautify is initially set to on. baudrate (num) The baud rate at which the connection was established; abbreviated ba. If a baudrate was specified on the command line, bau-
drate is initially set to the specified value. Or, if the br capability is present, baudrate is initially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, baudrate is setto 300 baud. Once tip has been started, bau-
drate can only changed by the super-user.
dialtimeout (num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) to wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated dial. dialtimeout is initially set to 60 seconds, and can onlychanged by the super-user.
disconnect (str) The string to send to the remote host to disconnect from it; abbreviated di. If the di capability is present, disconnect isinitially set to the value of that capabil-
ity. Otherwise, disconnect is set to a null string ("").SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 6
User Commands tip(1)
echocheck (bool) Synchronize with the remote host dur-
ing file transfer by waiting for the echo of the last character transmitted; abbreviatedec. If the ec capability is present, echo-
check is initially set to on. Otherwise, echocheck is initially set to off. eofread (str) The set of characters which signify anend-of-transmission during a ~< file
transfer command; abbreviated eofr. If theie capability is present, eofread is ini-
tially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, eofread is set to a null string ("").eofwrite (str) The string sent to indicate end-of-
transmission during a ~> file transfer com-
mand; abbreviated eofw. If the oe capability is present, eofread is initially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, eofread is set to a null string (""). eol (str) The set of characters which indicatean end-of-line. tip will recognize escape
characters only after an end-of-line. If the
el capability is present, eol is initiallyset to the value of that capability. Other-
wise, eol is set to a null string ("").escape (char) The command prefix (escape) charac-
ter; abbreviated es. If the es capability is present, escape is initially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, escape is set to `~'. etimeout (num) The amount of time, in seconds, thattip should wait for the echo-check response
when echocheck is set; abbreviated et. If the et capability is present, etimeout isinitially set to the value of that capabil-
ity. Otherwise, etimeout is set to 10 seconds. exceptions (str) The set of characters which should not be discarded due to the beautification switch; abbreviated ex. If the ex capabilitySunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 7
User Commands tip(1)
is present, exceptions is initially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, exceptions is set to `\t\n\f\b'. force (char) The character used to force literal data transmission; abbreviated fo. If the fo capability is present, force is initiallyset to the value of that capability. Other-
wise, force is set to \377 (which disables it). framesize (num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file system writes when receiving files; abbreviated fr. If the fscapability is present, framesize is ini-
tially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, framesize is set to 1024. halfduplex (bool) Do local echoing because the host ishalf-duplex; abbreviated hdx. If the hd
capability is present, halfduplex is ini-
tially set to on. Otherwise, halfduplex is initially set to off. hardwareflow (bool) Do hardware flow control; abbreviated hf. If the hf capability is present,hardwareflow is initially set to on. Other-
wise, hardwareflowcontrol is initially set to off. host (str) The name of the host to which you areconnected; abbreviated ho. host is per-
manently set to the name given on the com-
mand line or in the HOST environment vari-
able. localecho (bool) A synonym for halfduplex; abbreviated le. log (str) The name of the file to which to log information about outgoing phone calls. log is initially set to /var/adm/aculog, and canonly be inspected or changed by the super-
user.SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 8
User Commands tip(1)
parity (str) The parity to be generated and checked when talking to the remote host; abbreviated par. The possible values are: none> Parity is not checked on input, and zero the parity bit is set to zero on output. one Parity is not checked on input, and the parity bit is set to one on output. even Even parity is checked for on input and generated on output. odd Odd parity is checked for on input and generated on output. If the pa capability is present, parity isinitially set to the value of that capabil-
ity; otherwise, parity is set to none. phones The file in which to find hidden phone numbers. If the environment variable PHONES is set, phones is set to the value of PHONES. Otherwise, phones is set to /etc/phones. The value of phones cannot bechanged from within tip.
prompt (char) The character which indicates anend-of-line on the remote host; abbreviated
pr. This value is used to synchronize during data transfers. The count of lines transferred during a file transfer command is based on receipt of this character. Ifthe pr capability is present, prompt is ini-
tially set to the value of that capability. Otherwise, prompt is set to \n. raise (bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated ra. When this mode is enabled, all lower case letters will be mapped to upper case bytip for transmission to the remote machine.
If the ra capability is present, raise is initially set to on. Otherwise, raise is initially set to off.SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 9
User Commands tip(1)
raisechar (char) The input character used to toggle upper case mapping mode; abbreviated rc. If the rc capability is present, raisechar isinitially set to the value of that capabil-
ity. Otherwise, raisechar is set to \377 (which disables it). rawftp (bool) Send all characters during filetransfers; do not filter non-printable char-
acters, and do not do translations like \n to \r. Abbreviated raw. If the rw capability is present, rawftp is initially set to on. Otherwise, rawftp is initially set to off.record (str) The name of the file in which a ses-
sion script is recorded; abbreviated rec. Ifthe re capability is present, record is ini-
tially set to the value of that capability.Otherwise, record is set to tip.record.
remote The file in which to find descriptions of remote systems. If the environment variable REMOTE is set, remote is set to the value of REMOTE. Otherwise, remote is set to /etc/remote. The value of remote cannot bechanged from within tip.
script (bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviatedsc. When script is on, tip will record
everything transmitted by the remote machine in the script record file specified in record. If the beautify switch is on, only printable ASCII characters will be included in the script file (those characters between 040 and 0177). The variable exceptions is used to indicate characters which are an exception to the normal beautification rules. If the sc capability is present, script is initially set to on. Otherwise, script is initially set to off.tabexpand (bool) Expand TAB characters to SPACE char-
acters during file transfers; abbreviated tab. When tabexpand is on, each tab is expanded to eight SPACE characters. If thetb capability is present, tabexpand is ini-
tially set to on. Otherwise, tabexpand isSunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 10
User Commands tip(1)
initially set to off.tandem (bool) Use XON/XOFF flow control to limit the rate that data is sent by the remote host; abbreviated ta. If the nt capability is present, tandem is initially set to off. Otherwise, tandem is initially set to on. verbose (bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated verb; When
verbose mode is enabled, tip prints mes-
sages while dialing, shows the current number of lines transferred during a file transfer operations, and more. If the nv capability is present, verbose is initially set to off. Otherwise, verbose is initially set to on. SHELL (str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; default value is /bin/sh, or taken from the environment. HOME (str) The home directory to use for the ~c command. Default value is taken from the environment.EXAMPLES
Example 1 Using the tip command
An example of the dialog used to transfer files is given below.arpa% tip monet
[connected] ...(assume we are talking to a UNIX system)... ucbmonet login: sam Password:monet% cat sylvester.c
~> Filename: sylvester.c 32 lines transferred in 1 minute 3 secondsmonet%
monet% ~< Filename: reply.c
List command for remote host: cat reply.c 65 lines transferred in 2 minutesmonet%
...(or, equivalently)...SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 11
User Commands tip(1)
monet% ~p sylvester.c
...(actually echoes as ~[put] sylvester.c)... 32 lines transferred in 1 minute 3 secondsmonet%
monet% ~t reply.c
...(actually echoes as ~[take] reply.c)... 65 lines transferred in 2 minutesmonet%
...(to print a file locally)...monet% ~|Local command: pr h sylvester.c | lpr
List command for remote host: cat sylvester.cmonet% ~^D
[EOT] ...(back on the local system)... ENVIRONMENT VARIABLESThe following environment variables are read by tip.
REMOTE The location of the remote file. PHONES The location of the file containing private phone numbers. HOST A default host to connect to.HOME One's log-in directory (for chdirs).
SHELL The shell to fork on a `~!' escape. FILES /etc/phones /etc/remote/var/spool/locks/LCK..* lock file to avoid conflicts with UUCP /var/adm/aculog file in which outgoing calls are logged
SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 12
User Commands tip(1)
~/.tiprc initialization file
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcs ||_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
cu(1C), mail(1), uucp(1C), vi(1), ioctl(2), attributes(5)BUGS
There are two additional variables, chardelay and linedelay, that are currently not implemented.SunOS 5.11 Last change: 28 Nov 2001 13