Manual Pages for UNIX Operating System command usage for man pcfs

File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



NAME
     pcfs - FAT formatted file system

SYNOPSIS
     #include 
     #include 
     #include 

     int mount(const char *spec,
          const char * dir, int  mflag,
          "pcfs", NULL, 0, char *optptr,
          int optlen);


DESCRIPTION
     pcfs is a file system type that  enables  direct  access  to
     files on FAT formatted disks from within the SunOS operating
     system.


     Once mounted, pcfs provides standard SunOS  file  operations
     and semantics. Using pcfs, you can create, delete, read, and
     write files on a FAT formatted disk. You can also create and
     delete directories and list files in a directory.


     pcfs supports FAT12 (floppies) and FAT16 and FAT32 file sys-
     tems.


     pcfs file systems can be force umounted using the  -f  argu-
     ment to umount(1M).


     The pcfs file system contained on  the  block  special  file
     identified by spec is mounted on the directory identified by
     dir. spec and dir are pointers to pathnames. mflag specifies
     the  mount  options.  The  MS_DATA bit in mflag must be set.
     Mount options can be passed to pcfs  using the   optptr  and
     optlen   arguments.   See mount_pcfs(1M) for a list of mount
     options supported by pcfs.


     Because FAT  formatted  media  can  record  file  timestamps
     between  January  1st  1980 and December 31st 2127, it's not
     possible to fully represent UNIX time_t in pcfs for  32  bit
     or  64  bit programs. In particular, if post-2038 timestamps
     are present on a  FAT  formatted  medium  and  pcfs  returns
     these,  32bit applications may unexpectedly fail with EOVER-
     FLOW errors. To prevent this, the default behaviour of  pcfs
     has  been  modified  to  clamp  post-2038  timestamps to the
     latest possible value for a 32bit time_t, which  is  January



SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    1






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



     19th  2038,  03:14:06  UTC  when setting and retrieving file
     timestamps.  You  can  override  this  behavior  using   the
     noclamptime mount option, as described in mount_pcfs(1M).


     Timestamps on FAT formatted  media  are  recorded  in  local
     time.  If the recording and  receiving systems use different
     timezones, the representation of timestamps shown on the two
     systems  for  the  same  medium might vary. To correct this,
     pcfs  provides a  timezone mount option to force   interpre-
     tation  of timestamps as read from a FAT formatted medium in
     a given  timezone (that of the recorder).  By  default,  the
     local timezone of the  receiver is used. See  mount_pcfs(1M)
     for details.


     The root directory of a FAT formatted medium has  no  times-
     tamps  and  pcfs returns the time when the mount was done as
     timestamp  for the root of the filesystem.


     The FAT filesystem doesn't  support  multiple  links.  As  a
     result, the link count for all files and directories in pcfs
     is hard-coded as 1.

  Mounting File Systems
     Use the following command to mount pcfs from diskette:

       mount -F pcfs device-special directory-name




     You can use:

       mount directory-name




     if the following line is in your /etc/vfstab file:

       device-special - directory-namepcfs - no rw



     Use the following command to mount  pcfs  from  non-diskette
     media:

       mount -F pcfs device-special:logical-drive directory-name





SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    2






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



     You can use:

       mount directory-name




     if the following line is in your /etc/vfstab file:

       device-special:logical_drive - directory-name pcfs - no rw



     device-special specifies the special block device  file  for
     the  diskette  (/dev/disketteN)  or  the  entire  hard  disk
     (/dev/dsk/cNtNdNp0 for a SCSI disk, and /dev/dsk/cNdNp0  for
     IDE   disks)   or   the  PCMCIA  pseudo-floppy  memory  card
     (/dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN).


     logical-drive specifies either the DOS logical drive  letter
     (c through z) or a drive number (1 through 24). Drive letter
     c is equivalent to drive number 1 and represents the Primary
     DOS  partition  on  the  disk; drive letters d through z are
     equivalent to drive numbers 2 through 24, and represent  DOS
     drives  within the Extended FAT partition. Note that device-
     special and logical-drive must be separated by a colon.


     directory-name specifies the location where the file  system
     is mounted.


     For example, to mount the Primary DOS partition from a  SCSI
     hard disk, use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/dsk/cNtNdNp0:c /pcfs/c




     To mount the first logical drive in the Extended DOS  parti-
     tion from an IDE hard disk, use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/dsk/cNdNp0:d /pcfs/d




     To mount a DOS diskette  in  the  first  floppy  drive  when
     volume management is not running use:




SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    3






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



       mount -F pcfs /dev/diskette /pcfs/a




     If Volume Management is running, run volcheck(1) to automat-
     ically mount the floppy and some removable disks.


     To mount a PCMCIA pseudo-floppy  memory  card,  with  Volume
     Management  not  running (or not managing the PCMCIA media),
     use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN /pcfs



  Conventions
     Files and directories created through pcfs must comply  with
     either  the  FAT short file name convention or the long file
     name convention introduced with Windows 95.  The  FAT  short
     file  name  convention  is of the form filename[.ext], where
     filename generally consists of from one to eight  upper-case
     characters,  while  the optional ext consists of from one to
     three upper-case characters.


     The long file name convention is much closer to Solaris file
     names.  A long file name can consist of any characters valid
     in a short file name, lowercase letters, non-leading spaces,
     the  characters +,;=[], any number of periods, and can be up
     to 255 characters long. Long file names have  an  associated
     short  file  name  for systems that do not support long file
     names (including earlier releases  of  Solaris).  The  short
     file  name is not visible if the system recognizes long file
     names. pcfs generates a unique short name automatically when
     creating a long file name.


     Given a long file  name  such  as  This  is  a  really  long
     filename.TXT,  the  short file name will generally be of the
     form THISIS~N.TXT, where N is a number. The long  file  name
     will   probably   get   the   short  name  THISIS~1.TXT,  or
     THISIS~2.TXT if THISIS~1.TXT already exits (or  THISIS~3.TXT
     if  both  exist, and so forth). If you use pcfs file systems
     on systems that do not support long file names, you may want
     to  continue  following the short file name conventions. See
     EXAMPLES.


     When creating a file name, pcfs creates a short file name if
     it fits the FAT short file name format, otherwise it creates



SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    4






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



     a long file name. This is because long file names take  more
     directory  space.  Because the root directory of a pcfs file
     system is fixed size, long file names in the root  directory
     should be avoided if possible.


     When displaying file names, pcfs shows them exactly as  they
     are  on the media. This means that short names are displayed
     as uppercase and long file names retain their case.  Earlier
     versions of pcfs folded all names to lowercase, which can be
     forced with the PCFS_MNT_FOLDCASE  mount  option.  All  file
     name  searches  within pcfs, however, are treated as if they
     were uppercase, so readme.txt and ReAdMe.TxT  refer  to  the
     same file.


     To format a diskette or a PCMCIA pseudo-floppy  memory  card
     in  FAT  format in the SunOS system, use either the fdformat
     -d or the DOS FORMAT command.

  Boot Partitions
     On x86 systems, hard drives may contain an  fdisk  partition
     reserved  for  the  Solaris boot utilities. These partitions
     are special instances of pcfs. You can  mount  an  x86  boot
     partition with the command:

       mount -F pcfs device-special:boot directory-name




     or you can use:

       mount directory-name




     if the following line is in your /etc/vfstab file:

       device-special:boot - directory-name pcfs - no rw




     device-special specifies the special block device  file  for
     the entire hard disk (/dev/dsk/cNtNdNp0)


     directory-name specifies the location where the file  system
     is mounted.




SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    5






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



     All files on a boot partition are owned by super-user.  Only
     the super-user may create, delete, or modify files on a boot
     partition.

EXAMPLES
     Example 1 Sample Displays of File Names


     If you copy a file financial.data from a UNIX file system to
     pcfs, it displays as financial.data in pcfs, but may show up
     as FINANC~1.DAT in systems that do  not  support  long  file
     names.



     The following are legal long file names. They are also ille-
     gal short file names:

       test.sh.orig
       data+
       .login


     Other systems that do not support long file names may see:

       TESTSH~1.ORI
       DATA~1
       LOGIN~1


     The short file name is generated from the initial characters
     of  the  long file name, so differentiate names in the first
     few characters. For example, these names:

       WorkReport.January.Data
       WorkReport.February.Data
       WorkReport.March.Data


     result in these short names, which are not distinguishable:

       WORKRE~1.DAT
       WORKRE~2.DAT
       WORKRE~13.DAT


     These names, however:

       January.WorkReport.Data
       February.WorkReport.Data
       March.WorkReport.Data




SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    6






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



     result in the more descriptive short names:

       JANUAR~1.DAT
       FEBRUA~1.DAT
       MARCHW~1.DAT

FILES
     /usr/lib/fs/pcfs/mount    pcfs mount command


     /usr/kernel/fs/pcfs       32-bit kernel module


ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
     See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment
     variables  for  the  current  locale  setting: LANG, LC_ALL,
     LC_CTYPE, and LC_COLLATE.

SEE ALSO
     chgrp(1),  chown(1),  dos2unix(1),  eject(1),   fdformat(1),
     unix2dos(1),    volcheck(1),    mount(1M),   mount_pcfs(1M),
     umount(1M), ctime(3C), vfstab(4), environ(5),

WARNINGS
     Do not physically eject a FAT floppy  while  the  device  is
     mounted  as pcfs. If Volume Management is managing a device,
     use the eject(1) command before physically removing media.


     When mounting pcfs on a hard disk, make sure the first block
     on that device contains a valid fdisk partition table.


     Because pcfs has no  provision  for  handling  owner-IDs  or
     group-IDs  on files, chown(1) or chgrp(1) may generate vari-
     ous errors. This is a limitation of pcfs, but it should  not
     cause problems other than error messages.

NOTES
     Only the following characters are allowed in pcfs short file
     names and extensions:
       0-9
       A-Z
       $#&@!%()-{}<>`_^~|'


     SunOS and FAT use different character  sets  and  have  dif-
     ferent  requirements  for  the  text  file  format.  Use the
     dos2unix(1)  and  unix2dos(1)  commands  to  convert   files
     between them.





SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    7






File Systems                                            pcfs(7FS)



     pcfs offers a convenient transportation  vehicle  for  files
     between  Sun workstations and PCs. Because the FAT disk for-
     mat was designed for use under  DOS,  it  does  not  operate
     efficiently under the SunOS system and should not be used as
     the format for a regular local storage. Instead, use ufs for
     local storage within the SunOS system.


     Although long file names can contain spaces (just as in UNIX
     file names), some utilities may be confused by them.


     This implementation of pcfs conforms to the  behavior  exhi-
     bited by Windows 95 version 4.00.950.


     When pcfs encounters long file names with non-ASCII  charac-
     ters,  it  converts  such  long file names in Unicode scalar
     values into UTF-8 encoded filenames so that they are legible
     and  usable  with  any of Solaris UTF-8 locales. In the same
     context, when new file names with non-ASCII  characters  are
     created,  pcfs  expects  that  such file names are in UTF-8.
     This feature  increases  the  interoperability  of  pcfs  on
     Solaris with other operating systems.

BUGS
     pcfs should handle the disk change condition in the same way
     that DOS does, so you do not need to unmount the file system
     to change floppies.


























SunOS 5.11           Last change: 1 Dec 2009                    8