Manual Pages for UNIX Operating System command usage for man growfs

System Administration Commands                         growfs(1M)



NAME
     growfs - non-destructively expand a UFS file system

SYNOPSIS
     /usr/sbin/growfs [-M mount-point] [newfs-options]
          [raw-device]


DESCRIPTION
     growfs non-destructively expands a mounted or unmounted UNIX
     file system (UFS) to the size of the file system's slice(s).


     Typically, disk space is expanded by first adding a slice to
     a  metadevice,  then running the growfs command. When adding
     space to a mirror, you expand each submirror before  expand-
     ing the file system.


     growfs will ``write-lock'' (see lockfs(1M)) a  mounted  file
     system when expanding. The length of time the file system is
     write-locked can be shortened by expanding the  file  system
     in  stages. For instance, to expand a 1 Gbyte file system to
     2 Gbytes, the file system can be grown in  16  Mbyte  stages
     using  the  -s  option  to specify the total size of the new
     file system at each stage. The argument for -s is the number
     of  sectors,  and  must  be a multiple of the cylinder size.
     Note: The file system cannot be grown if a cylinder size  of
     less  than  2  is specified. Refer to the newfs(1M) man page
     for information on the options available when growing a file
     system.


     growfs displays the same  information  as  mkfs  during  the
     expansion of the file system.


     If growfs  is  aborted,  recover  any  lost  free  space  by
     unmounting  the file system and running the fsck command, or
     run the growfs command again.


     Note: If growfs is aborted  and  the  file  system  is  used
     before  fsck  is run on it, UFS metadata might be left in an
     incomplete state, with the result that the file system would
     be  corrupted.  In  such  a  circumstance, you would have to
     restore the file system from backups.

OPTIONS
     Root privileges  are  required  for  all  of  the  following
     options.




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System Administration Commands                         growfs(1M)



     -M mount-point    The file system to be expanded is  mounted
                       on   mount-point.   File   system  locking
                       (lockfs) will be used.


     newfs-options     The options are documented  in  the  newfs
                       man page.


     raw-device        Specifies the name of a raw metadevice  or
                       raw    special    device,    residing   in
                       /dev/md/rdsk, or /dev/rdsk,  respectively,
                       including  the  disk slice, where you want
                       the file system to be grown.


EXAMPLES
     Example 1 Expanding nonmetadevice  slice  for  /export  file
     system


     The following example expands a nonmetadevice slice for  the
     /export  file  system.  In this example, the existing slice,
     /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s3, is converted to  a  metadevice  so  addi-
     tional slices can be concatenated.


       # metainit -f d8 2 1 c1t0d0s3 1 c2t0d0s3
       # umount /export



     Example 2 Associate /export with new metadevice


     Edit the /etc/vfstab file to change the entry for /export to
     the newly defined metadevice, d8.


       # mount /export
       # growfs -M /export /dev/md/rdsk/d8




     The first example starts by  running  the  metainit  command
     with  the  -f  option  to  force  the creation of a new con-
     catenated metadevice d8,  which  consists  of  the  existing
     slice  /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s3  and a new slice /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s3.
     Next, the file system on  /export  must  be  unmounted.  The
     /etc/vfstab  file  is edited to change the entry for /export
     to the newly defined metadevice name, rather than the  slice



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System Administration Commands                         growfs(1M)



     name. After the file system is remounted, the growfs command
     is run to expand the file system. The file system will  span
     the  entire  metadevice when growfs completes. The -M option
     enables the growfs command to expand a mounted file  system.
     During  the expansion, write access for /export is suspended
     until growfs unlocks the file system.  Read  access  is  not
     affected,  though access times are not kept when the lock is
     in effect.


     Example 3 Dynamic Expansion of /export file system


     The following example picks up from the previous one.  Here,
     the  /export file system mounted on metadevice d8 is dynami-
     cally expanded.


       # metattach d8 c0t1d0s2
       # growfs -M /export /dev/md/rdsk/d8




     This example begins by using the metattach command to dynam-
     ically  concatenate  a  new slice, /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s2, to the
     end of an existing metadevice, d8. Next, the growfs  command
     specifies  that the mount-point is /export and that it is to
     be expanded onto the  raw  metadevice  /dev/md/rdsk/d8.  The
     file system will span the entire metadevice when growfs com-
     pletes. During the expansion, write access  for  /export  is
     suspended  until growfs unlocks the file system. Read access
     is not affected, though access times are not kept  when  the
     lock is in effect.


     Example 4 Expanding mounted file system to existing mirror


     The following example expands a mounted file system  /files,
     to  an  existing mirror, d80, which contains two submirrors,
     d9 and d10.


       # metattach d9 c0t2d0s5
       # metattach d10 c0t3d0s5
       # growfs -M /files /dev/md/rdsk/d80








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System Administration Commands                         growfs(1M)



     In this example, the metattach command dynamically concaten-
     ates the new slices to each submirror. The metattach command
     must be run for each submirror. The  mirror  will  automati-
     cally  grow  when  the  last  submirror  is dynamically con-
     catenated. The mirror will grow to the size of the  smallest
     submirror.  The growfs command then expands the file system.
     The growfs command specifies that the mount-point is  /files
     and  that  it  is  to  be  expanded  onto the raw metadevice
     /dev/md/rdsk/d80. The file system will span the entire  mir-
     ror when the growfs command completes. During the expansion,
     write access for the file system is suspended  until  growfs
     unlocks the file system. Read access is not affected, though
     access times are not kept when the lock is in effect.


EXIT STATUS
     The following exit values are returned:

     0     Successful completion.


     >0    An error occurred.


ATTRIBUTES
     See attributes(5) for descriptions of the  following  attri-
     butes:



     ____________________________________________________________
    |       ATTRIBUTE TYPE        |       ATTRIBUTE VALUE       |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|
    | Availability                | storage/svm                 |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|


SEE ALSO
     fsck(1M), lockfs(1M),  mkfs(1M),  metattach(1M),  newfs(1M),
     attributes(5)


     Solaris Volume Manager Administration Guide

LIMITATIONS
     Only UFS file systems (either mounted or unmounted)  can  be
     expanded  using  the  growfs  command. Once a file system is
     expanded, it cannot be decreased in size. The following con-
     ditions  prevent  you from expanding file systems: When acct
     is activated and the accounting file is on the  target  dev-
     ice.  When  C2 security is activated and the logging file is
     on the target file system. When there is a local  swap  file



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System Administration Commands                         growfs(1M)



     in the target file system. When the file system is root (/),
     /usr, or swap.





















































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