Manual Pages for UNIX Darwin command on man font

font(n) Tk Built-In Commands font(n)

NAME

font - Create and inspect fonts.

SYNOPSIS

ffoonntt option ?arg arg ...?

DESCRIPTION

The ffoonntt command provides several facilities for dealing with fonts,

such as defining named fonts and inspecting the actual attributes of a

font. The command has several different forms, determined by the first

argument. The following forms are currently supported:

ffoonntt aaccttuuaall font ?-ddiissppllaayyooff window? ?option?

Returns information about the the actual attributes that are

obtained when font is used on window's display; the actual

attributes obtained may differ from the attributes requested due

to platform-dependant limitations, such as the availability of

font families and pointsizes. font is a font description; see

FONT DESCRIPTIONS below. If the window argument is omitted, it

defaults to the main window. If option is specified, returns the value of that attribute; if it is omitted, the return value is a list of all the attributes and their values. See FONT

OPTIONS below for a list of the possible attributes.

ffoonntt ccoonnffiigguurree fontname ?option? ?value option value ...?

Query or modify the desired attributes for the named font called

fontname. If no option is specified, returns a list describing

all the options and their values for fontname. If a single

option is specified with no value, then returns the current

value of that attribute. If one or more option-value pairs are

specified, then the command modifies the given named font to

have the given values; in this case, all widgets using that font

will redisplay themselves using the new attributes for the font.

See FONT OPTIONS below for a list of the possible attributes.

ffoonntt ccrreeaattee ?fontname? ?option value ...?

Creates a new named font and returns its name. fontname speci-

fies the name for the font; if it is omitted, then Tk generates

a new name of the form ffoonnttx, where x is an integer. There may

be any number of option-value pairs, which provide the desired

attributes for the new named font. See FONT OPTIONS below for a

list of the possible attributes.

ffoonntt ddeelleettee fontname ?fontname ...?

Delete the specified named fonts. If there are widgets using

the named font, the named font won't actually be deleted until

all the instances are released. Those widgets will continue to

display using the last known values for the named font. If a

deleted named font is subsequently recreated with another call

to ffoonntt ccrreeaattee, the widgets will use the new named font and

redisplay themselves using the new attributes of that font.

ffoonntt ffaammiilliieess ?-ddiissppllaayyooff window?

The return value is a list of the case-insensitive names of all

font families that exist on window's display. If the window

argument is omitted, it defaults to the main window.

ffoonntt mmeeaassuurree font ?-ddiissppllaayyooff window? text

Measures the amount of space the string text would use in the

given font when displayed in window. font is a font descrip-

tion; see FONT DESCRIPTIONS below. If the window argument is

omitted, it defaults to the main window. The return value is

the total width in pixels of text, not including the extra pix-

els used by highly exagerrated characters such as cursive ``f''. If the string contains newlines or tabs, those characters are not expanded or treated specially when measuring the string.

ffoonntt mmeettrriiccss font ?-ddiissppllaayyooff window? ?option?

Returns information about the metrics (the font-specific data),

for font when it is used on window's display. font is a font

description; see FONT DESCRIPTIONS below. If the window argu-

ment is omitted, it defaults to the main window. If option is specified, returns the value of that metric; if it is omitted, the return value is a list of all the metrics and their values. See FONT METRICS below for a list of the possible metrics. ffoonntt nnaammeess

The return value is a list of all the named fonts that are cur-

rently defined.

FONT DESCRIPTION

The following formats are accepted as a font description anywhere font

is specified as an argument above; these same forms are also permitted

when specifying the -ffoonntt option for widgets.

[1] fontname

The name of a named font, created using the ffoonntt ccrreeaattee command.

When a widget uses a named font, it is guaranteed that this will

never cause an error, as long as the named font exists, no mat-

ter what potentially invalid or meaningless set of attributes

the named font has. If the named font cannot be displayed with

exactly the specified attributes, some other close font will be

substituted automatically.

[2] systemfont

The platform-specific name of a font, interpreted by the graph-

ics server. This also includes, under X, an XLFD (see [4]) for which a single ``**'' character was used to elide more than one

field in the middle of the name. See PLATFORM-SPECIFIC issues

for a list of the system fonts.

[3] family ?size? ?style? ?style | ...? | |

A properly formed list whose first element is the desired font |

family and whose optional second element is the desired size. | The interpretation of the size attribute follows the same rules |

described for -ssiizzee in FONT OPTIONS below. Any additional |

optional arguments following the size are font styles. Possible |

values for the style arguments are as follows: | nnoorrmmaall bboolldd rroommaann iittaalliicc | uunnddeerrlliinnee oovveerrssttrriikkee |

[4] X-font names |

(XLFD) | |

A Unix-centric font name of the form -foundry-family-weight- |

slant-setwidth-addstyle-pixel-point-resx-resy-spacing-width- |

charset-encoding. The ``**'' character may be used to skip indi- |

vidual fields that the user does not care about. There must be | exactly one ``**'' for each field skipped, except that a ``**'' at | the end of the XLFD skips any remaining fields; the shortest | valid XLFD is simply ``**'', signifying all fields as defaults. |

Any fields that were skipped are given default values. For com- |

patibility, an XLFD always chooses a font of the specified pixel |

size (not point size); although this interpretation is not | strictly correct, all existing applications using XLFDs assumed | that one ``point'' was in fact one pixel and would display |

incorrectly (generally larger) if the correct size font were |

actually used. [5] option value ?option value ...?

A properly formed list of option-value pairs that specify the

desired attributes of the font, in the same format used when

defining a named font; see FONT OPTIONS below.

When font description font is used, the system attempts to parse the

description according to each of the above five rules, in the order specified. Cases [1] and [2] must match the name of an existing named

font or of a system font. Cases [3], [4], and [5] are accepted on all

platforms and the closest available font will be used. In some situa-

tions it may not be possible to find any close font (e.g., the font

family was a garbage value); in that case, some system-dependant

default font is chosen. If the font description does not match any of

the above patterns, an error is generated. FFOONNTT MMEETTRRIICCSS The following options are used by the ffoonntt mmeettrriiccss command to query

font-specific data determined when the font was created. These proper-

ties are for the whole font itself and not for individual characters

drawn in that font. In the following definitions, the ``baseline'' of

a font is the horizontal line where the bottom of most letters line up;

certain letters, such as lower-case ``g'' stick below the baseline.

-aasscceenntt

The amount in pixels that the tallest letter sticks up above the

baseline of the font, plus any extra blank space added by the

designer of the font.

-ddeesscceenntt

The largest amount in pixels that any letter sticks down below

the baseline of the font, plus any extra blank space added by

the designer of the font.

-lliinneessppaaccee

Returns how far apart vertically in pixels two lines of text

using the same font should be placed so that none of the charac-

ters in one line overlap any of the characters in the other

line. This is generally the sum of the ascent above the base-

line line plus the descent below the baseline.

-ffiixxeedd

Returns a boolean flag that is ``11'' if this is a fixed-width

font, where each normal character is the the same width as all

the other characters, or is ``00'' if this is a proportionally-

spaced font, where individual characters have different widths.

The widths of control characters, tab characters, and other non-

printing characters are not included when calculating this value. FFOONNTT OOPPTTIIOONNSS The following options are supported on all platforms, and are used when

constructing a named font or when specifying a font using style [5] as

above:

-ffaammiillyy name

The case-insensitive font family name. Tk guarantees to support

the font families named CCoouurriieerr (a monospaced ``typewriter''

font), TTiimmeess (a serifed ``newspaper'' font), and HHeellvveettiiccaa (a

sans-serif ``European'' font). The most closely matching native

font family will automatically be substituted when one of the

above font families is used. The name may also be the name of a

native, platform-specific font family; in that case it will work

as desired on one platform but may not display correctly on other platforms. If the family is unspecified or unrecognized,

a platform-specific default font will be chosen. |

-ssiizzee |

size | |

The desired size of the font. If the size argument is a posi- |

tive number, it is interpreted as a size in points. If size is | a negative number, its absolute value is interpreted as a size |

in pixels. If a font cannot be displayed at the specified size, |

a nearby size will be chosen. If size is unspecified or zero, a |

platform-dependent default size will be chosen. |

Sizes should normally be specified in points so the application |

will remain the same ruler size on the screen, even when chang- |

ing screen resolutions or moving scripts across platforms. How- |

ever, specifying pixels is useful in certain circumstances such |

as when a piece of text must line up with respect to a fixed- |

size bitmap. The mapping between points and pixels is set when | the application starts, based on properties of the installed |

monitor, but it can be overridden by calling the ttkk ssccaalliinngg com- |

mand. |

-wweeiigghhtt weight

The nominal thickness of the characters in the font. The value

nnoorrmmaall specifies a normal weight font, while bboolldd specifies a

bold font. The closest available weight to the one specified

will be chosen. The default weight is nnoorrmmaall.

-ssllaanntt slant

The amount the characters in the font are slanted away from the

vertical. Valid values for slant are rroommaann and iittaalliicc. A roman

font is the normal, upright appearance of a font, while an

italic font is one that is tilted some number of degrees from

upright. The closest available slant to the one specified will be chosen. The default slant is rroommaann.

-uunnddeerrlliinnee boolean

The value is a boolean flag that specifies whether characters in

this font should be underlined. The default value for underline

is ffaallssee.

-oovveerrssttrriikkee boolean

The value is a boolean flag that specifies whether a horizontal line should be drawn through the middle of characters in this

font. The default value for overstrike is ffaallssee.

PPLLAATTFFOORRMM-SSPPEECCIIFFIICC IISSSSUUEESS

The following named system fonts are supported:

X Windows:

All valid X font names, including those listed by xls-

fonts(1), are available.

MS Windows: ssyysstteemm aannssii ddeevviiccee ssyysstteemmffiixxeedd aannssiiffiixxeedd ooeemmffiixxeedd Macintosh: ssyysstteemm aapppplliiccaattiioonn