Manual Pages for UNIX Darwin command on man ar

AR(1) BSD General Commands Manual AR(1)

NAME

aarr - create and maintain library archives

SYNOPSIS

aarr -dd [-TTLLssvv] archive file ...

aarr -mm [-TTLLssvv] archive file ...

aarr -mm [-aabbiiTTLLssvv] position archive file ...

aarr -pp [-TTLLssvv] archive [file ...]

aarr -qq [-ccTTLLssvv] archive file ...

aarr -rr [-ccuuTTLLssvv] archive file ...

aarr -rr [-aabbcciiuuTTLLssvv] position archive file ...

aarr -tt [-TTLLssvv] archive [file ...]

aarr -xx [-oouuTTLLssvv] archive [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

The aarr utility creates and maintains groups of files combined into an ar-

chive. Once an archive has been created, new files can be added and

existing files can be extracted, deleted, or replaced.

Files are named in the archive by a single component, i.e., if a file

referenced by a path containing a slash (``/'') is archived it will be

named by the last component of that path. When matching paths listed on

the command line against file names stored in the archive, only the last

component of the path will be compared.

All informational and error messages use the path listed on the command

line, if any was specified, otherwise the name in the archive is used.

If multiple files in the archive have the same name, and paths are listed

on the command line to ``select'' archive files for an operation, only

the first file with a matching name will be selected.

The normal use of aarr is for the creation and maintenance of libraries

suitable for use with the loader (see ld(1)) although it is not

restricted to this purpose. The options are as follows:

-aa A positioning modifier used with the options -rr and -mm. The

files are entered or moved after the archive member position,

which must be specified.

-bb A positioning modifier used with the options -rr and -mm. The

files are entered or moved before the archive member position,

which must be specified.

-cc Whenever an archive is created, an informational message to that

effect is written to standard error. If the -cc option is speci-

fied, aarr creates the archive silently.

-dd Delete the specified archive files.

-ii Identical to the -bb option.

-mm Move the specified archive files within the archive. If one of

the options -aa, -bb or -ii are specified, the files are moved

before or after the position file in the archive. If none of

those options are specified, the files are moved to the end of

the archive.

-oo Set the access and modification times of extracted files to the

modification time of the file when it was entered into the ar-

chive. This will fail if the user is not the owner of the

extracted file or the super-user.

-pp Write the contents of the specified archive files to the standard

output. If no files are specified, the contents of all the files

in the archive are written in the order they appear in the ar-

chive.

-qq (Quickly) append the specified files to the archive. If the ar-

chive does not exist a new archive file is created. Much faster

than the -rr option, when creating a large archive piece-by-piece,

as no checking is done to see if the files already exist in the

archive.

-rr Replace or add the specified files to the archive. If the ar-

chive does not exist a new archive file is created. Files that

replace existing files do not change the order of the files

within the archive. New files are appended to the archive unless

one of the options -aa, -bb or -ii is specified.

-TT Select and/or name archive members using only the first fifteen

characters of the archive member or command line file name. The

historic archive format had sixteen bytes for the name, but some

historic archiver and loader implementations were unable to han-

dle names that used the entire space. This means that file names

that are not unique in their first fifteen characters can subse-

quently be confused. A warning message is printed to the stan-

dard error output if any file names are truncated. (See ar(5)

for more information.)

-LL Used the extended format to allow long archive member names.

This is the default.

-ss Write an object-file index into the archive, or update an exist-

ing one, even if no other change is made to the archive. You may

use this modifier flag either with any operation, or alone. Run-

ning `ar s' on an archive is equivalent to running `ranlib' on

it.

-SS Do not generate an archive symbol table. This can speed up

building a large library in several steps. The resulting archive

can not be used with the linker. In order to build a symbol ta-

ble, you must omit the S modifier on the last execution of ar, or

you must run ranlib on the archive.

-tt List the specified files in the order in which they appear in the

archive, each on a separate line. If no files are specified, all

files in the archive are listed.

-uu Update files. When used with the -rr option, files in the archive

will be replaced only if the disk file has a newer modification

time than the file in the archive. When used with the -xx option,

files in the archive will be extracted only if the archive file

has a newer modification time than the file on disk.

-vv Provide verbose output. When used with the -dd, -mm, -qq or -xx

options, aarr gives a file-by-file description of the archive modi-

fication. This description consists of three, white-space sepa-

rated fields: the option letter, a dash (``-'') and the file

name. When used with the -rr option, aarr displays the description

as above, but the initial letter is an ``a'' if the file is added

to the archive and an ``r'' if the file replaces a file already

in the archive.

When used with the -pp option, the name of each printed file is

written to the standard output before the contents of the file,

preceded by a single newline character, and followed by two new-

line characters, enclosed in less-than (``<'') and greater-than

(``>'') characters.

When used with the -tt option, aarr displays an ``ls -l'' style

listing of information about the members of the archive. This

listing consists of eight, white-space separated fields: the file

permissions (see strmode(3) ), the decimal user and group ID's,

separated by a single slash (``/''), the file size (in bytes),

the file modification time (in the date(1) format ``%b %e %H:%M

%Y''), and the name of the file.

-xx Extract the specified archive members into the files named by the

command line arguments. If no members are specified, all the

members of the archive are extracted into the current directory.

If the file does not exist, it is created; if it does exist, the

owner and group will be unchanged. The file access and modifica-

tion times are the time of the extraction (but see the -oo

option). The file permissions will be set to those of the file

when it was entered into the archive; this will fail if the user

is not the owner of the extracted file or the super-user.

The aarr utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

ENVIRONMENT

TMPDIR The pathname of the directory to use when creating temporary

files. FILES

/tmp default temporary file directory

ar.XXXXXX

temporary file names

CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY

By default, aarr writes archives that may be incompatible with historic ar-

chives, as the format used for storing archive members with names longer

than fifteen characters has changed. This implementation of aarr is back-

ward compatible with previous versions of aarr in that it can read and

write (using the -TT option) historic archives. The -TT option is provided

for compatibility only, and will be deleted in a future release. See

ar(5) for more information.

STANDARDS

The aarr utility is expected to offer a superset of the IEEE Std 1003.2

(``POSIX.2'') functionality.