NAME
ExtUtils::MMAny - Platform-agnostic MM methods
SYNOPSIS
FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!
package ExtUtils::MMSomeOS;
# Temporarily, you have to subclass both. Put MMAny first.
require ExtUtils::MMAny;
require ExtUtils::MMUnix;
@ISA = qw(ExtUtils::MMAny ExtUtils::Unix);
DESCRIPTION
FFOORR IINNTTEERRNNAALL UUSSEE OONNLLYY!!
ExtUtils::MMAny is a superclass for the ExtUtils::MM* set of modules.
It contains methods which are either inherently cross-platform or are
written in a cross-platform manner.
Subclass off of ExtUtils::MMAny and ExtUtils::MMUnix. This is a tem-
porary solution.
TTHHIISS MMAAYY BBEE TTEEMMPPOORRAARRYY!!
MMEETTHHOODDSS
Any methods marked Abstract must be implemented by subclasses.
CCrroossss-ppllaattffoorrmm hheellppeerr mmeetthhooddss
These are methods which help writing cross-platform code.
osflavor Abstract
my @osflavor = $mm->osflavor;
@osflavor is the style of operating system this is, usually corre-
sponding to the MM*.pm file we're using.
The first element of @osflavor is the major family (ie. Unix, Windows,
VMS, OS/2, etc...) and the rest are sub families.
Some examples:
Cygwin98 ('Unix', 'Cygwin', 'Cygwin9x')
Windows NT ('Win32', 'WinNT')
Win98 ('Win32', 'Win9x')
Linux ('Unix', 'Linux')
MacOS X ('Unix', 'Darwin', 'MacOS', 'MacOS X')
OS/2 ('OS/2')
This is used to write code for styles of operating system. See osfla-
voris() for use.
osflavoris
my $isthisflavor = $mm->osflavoris($thisflavor);
my $isthisflavor = $mm->osflavoris(@oneoftheseflavors);
Checks to see if the current operating system is one of the given fla-
vors.
This is useful for code like:
if( $mm->osflavoris('Unix') ) {
$out = `foo 2>&1`;
}
else {
$out = `foo`;
}
splitcommand
my @cmds = $MM->splitcommand($cmd, @args);
Most OS have a maximum command length they can execute at once. Large
modules can easily generate commands well past that limit. Its neces-
sary to split long commands up into a series of shorter commands.
"splitcommand" will return a series of @cmds each processing part of
the args. Collectively they will process all the arguments. Each
individual line in @cmds will not be longer than the
$self->maxexeclen being careful to take into account macro expansion.
$cmd should include any switches and repeated initial arguments.
If no @args are given, no @cmds will be returned.
Pairs of arguments will always be preserved in a single command, this
is a heuristic for things like pmtoblib and pod2man which work on
pairs of arguments. This makes things like this safe:
$self->splitcommand($cmd, %pod2man);
echo
my @commands = $MM->echo($text);
my @commands = $MM->echo($text, $file);
my @commands = $MM->echo($text, $file, $appending);
Generates a set of @commands which print the $text to a $file.
If $file is not given, output goes to STDOUT.
If $appending is true the $file will be appended to rather than over-
written.
wraplist
my $args = $mm->wraplist(@list);
Takes an array of items and turns them into a well-formatted list of
arguments. In most cases this is simply something like:
FOO \
BAR \
BAZ
cd Abstract
my $subdircmd = $MM->cd($subdir, @cmds);
This will generate a make fragment which runs the @cmds in the given
$dir. The rough equivalent to this, except cross platform.
cd $subdir && $cmd
Currently $dir can only go down one level. "foo" is fine. "foo/bar"
is not. "../foo" is right out.
The resulting $subdircmd has no leading tab nor trailing newline.
This makes it easier to embed in a make string. For example.
my $make = sprintf <<'CODE', $subdircmd;
foo :
$(ECHO) what
%s
$(ECHO) mouche
CODE
oneliner Abstract
my $oneliner = $MM->oneliner($perlcode);
my $oneliner = $MM->oneliner($perlcode, \@switches);
This will generate a perl one-liner safe for the particular platform
you're on based on the given $perlcode and @switches (a -e is assumed)
suitable for using in a make target. It will use the proper shell
quoting and escapes.
$(PERLRUN) will be used as perl.
Any newlines in $perlcode will be escaped. Leading and trailing new-
lines will be stripped. Makes this idiom much easier:
my $code = $MM->oneliner(<<'CODE', [...switches...]);
some code here
another line here
CODE
Usage might be something like:
# an echo emulation
$oneliner = $MM->oneliner('print "Foo\n"');
$make = '$oneliner > somefile';
All dollar signs must be doubled in the $perlcode if you expect them
to be interpreted normally, otherwise it will be considered a make
macro. Also remember to quote make macros else it might be used as a
bareword. For example:
# Assign the value of the $(VERSIONFROM) make macro to $vf.
$oneliner = $MM->oneliner('$$vf = "$(VERSIONFROM)"');
Its currently very simple and may be expanded sometime in the figure to
include more flexible code and switches.
quoteliteral Abstract
my $safetext = $MM->quoteliteral($text);
This will quote $text so it is interpreted literally in the shell.
For example, on Unix this would escape any single-quotes in $text and
put single-quotes around the whole thing.
escapenewlines Abstract
my $escapedtext = $MM->escapenewlines($text);
Shell escapes newlines in $text.
maxexeclen Abstract
my $maxexeclen = $MM->maxexeclen;
Calculates the maximum command size the OS can exec. Effectively, this
is the max size of a shell command line.
TTaarrggeettss
These are methods which produce make targets.
alltarget
Generate the default target 'all'.
blibdirstarget
my $makefrag = $mm->blibdirstarget;
Creates the blibdirs target which creates all the directories we use in
blib/.
The blibdirs.ts target is deprecated. Depend on blibdirs instead.
clean (o)
Defines the clean target.
cleansubdirstarget
my $makefrag = $MM->cleansubdirstarget;
Returns the cleansubdirs target. This is used by the clean target to
call clean on any subdirectories which contain Makefiles.
dirtarget
my $makefrag = $mm->dirtarget(@directories);
Generates targets to create the specified directories and set its per-
mission to 0755.
Because depending on a directory to just ensure it exists doesn't work
too well (the modified time changes too often) dirtarget() creates a
.exists file in the created directory. It is this you should depend
on. For portability purposes you should use the $(DIRFILESEP) macro
rather than a '/' to seperate the directory from the file.
yourdirectory$(DIRFILESEP).exists
distdir
Defines the scratch directory target that will hold the distribution
before tar-ing (or shar-ing).
disttest
Defines a target that produces the distribution in the scratchdirec-
tory, and runs 'perl Makefile.PL; make ;make test' in that subdirec-
tory.
dynamic (o)
Defines the dynamic target.
makemakerdflttarget
my $makefrag = $mm->makemakerdflttarget
Returns a make fragment with the makemakerdeflttarget specified. This
target is the first target in the Makefile, is the default target and
simply points off to 'all' just in case any make variant gets confused
or something gets snuck in before the real 'all' target.
manifypodstarget
my $manifypodstarget = $self->manifypodstarget;
Generates the manifypods target. This target generates man pages from
all POD files in MAN1PODS and MAN3PODS.
metafiletarget
my $target = $mm->metafiletarget;
Generate the metafile target.
Writes the file META.yml YAML encoded meta-data about the module in the
distdir. The format follows Module::Build's as closely as possible.
Additionally, we include:
versionfrom
installdirs
distmetatarget
my $makefrag = $mm->distmetatarget;
Generates the distmeta target to add META.yml to the MANIFEST in the
distdir.
realclean (o)
Defines the realclean target.
realcleansubdirstarget
my $makefrag = $MM->realcleansubdirstarget;
Returns the realcleansubdirs target. This is used by the realclean
target to call realclean on any subdirectories which contain Makefiles.
signaturetarget
my $target = $mm->signaturetarget;
Generate the signature target.
Writes the file SIGNATURE with "cpansign -s".
distsignaturetarget
my $makefrag = $mm->distsignaturetarget;
Generates the distsignature target to add SIGNATURE to the MANIFEST in
the distdir.
specialtargets
my $makefrag = $mm->specialtargets
Returns a make fragment containing any targets which have special mean-
ing to make. For example, .SUFFIXES and .PHONY.
IInniitt mmeetthhooddss
Methods which help initialize the MakeMaker object and macros.
initINST
$mm->initINST;
Called by initmain. Sets up all INST* variables except those related
to XS code. Those are handled in initxs.
initINSTALL
$mm->initINSTALL;
Called by initmain. Sets up all INSTALL* variables (except
INSTALLDIRS) and *PREFIX.
initINSTALLfromPREFIX
$mm->initINSTALLfromPREFIX;
initfromINSTALLBASE
$mm->initfromINSTALLBASE
initVERSION Abstract
$mm->initVERSION
Initialize macros representing versions of MakeMaker and other tools
MAKEMAKER: path to the MakeMaker module.
MMVERSION: ExtUtils::MakeMaker Version
MMREVISION: ExtUtils::MakeMaker version control revision (for back-
wards
compat)
VERSION: version of your module
VERSIONMACRO: which macro represents the version (usually 'VERSION')
VERSIONSYM: like version but safe for use as an RCS revision number
DEFINEVERSION: -D line to set the module version when compiling
XSVERSION: version in your .xs file. Defaults to $(VERSION)
XSVERSIONMACRO: which macro represents the XS version.
XSDEFINEVERSION: -D line to set the xs version when compiling.
Called by initmain.
initothers Abstract
$MM->initothers();
Initializes the macro definitions used by toolsother() and places them
in the $MM object.
If there is no description, its the same as the parameter to WriteMake-
file() documented in ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
Defines at least these macros.
Macro Description
NOOP Do nothing
NOECHO Tell make not to display the command itself
MAKEFILE
FIRSTMAKEFILE
MAKEFILEOLD
MAKEAPERLFILE File used by MAKEAPERL
SHELL Program used to run
shell commands
ECHO Print text adding a newline on the end
RMF Remove a file
RMRF Remove a directory
TOUCH Update a file's timestamp
TESTF Test for a file's existence
CP Copy a file
MV Move a file
CHMOD Change permissions on a
file
UMASKNULL Nullify umask
DEVNULL Supress all command output
initDIRFILESEP Abstract
$MM->initDIRFILESEP;
my $dirfilesep = $MM->{DIRFILESEP};
Initializes the DIRFILESEP macro which is the seperator between the
directory and filename in a filepath. ie. / on Unix, \ on Win32 and
nothing on VMS.
For example:
# instead of $(INSTARCHAUTODIR)/extralibs.ld
$(INSTARCHAUTODIR)$(DIRFILESEP)extralibs.ld
Something of a hack but it prevents a lot of code duplication between
MM* variants.
Do not use this as a seperator between directories. Some operating
systems use different seperators between subdirectories as between
directories and filenames (for example: VOLUME:[dir1.dir2]file on
VMS).
initlinker Abstract
$mm->initlinker;
Initialize macros which have to do with linking.
PERLARCHIVE: path to libperl.a equivalent to be linked to dynamic
extensions.
PERLARCHIVEAFTER: path to a library which should be put on the linker
command line after the external libraries to be linked to dynamic
extensions. This may be needed if the linker is one-pass, and Perl
includes some overrides for C RTL functions, such as malloc().
EXPORTLIST: name of a file that is passed to linker to define symbols
to be exported.
Some OSes do not need these in which case leave it blank.
initplatform
$mm->initplatform
Initialize any macros which are for platform specific use only.
A typical one is the version number of your OS specific mocule. (ie.
MMUnixVERSION or MMVMSVERSION).
TToooollss
A grab bag of methods to generate specific macros and commands.
manifypods
Defines targets and routines to translate the pods into manpages and
put them into the INST* directories.
POD2MANmacro
my $pod2manmacro = $self->POD2MANmacro
Returns a definition for the POD2MAN macro. This is a program which
emulates the pod2man utility. You can add more switches to the command
by simply appending them on the macro.
Typical usage:
$(POD2MAN) -section=3 -permrw=$(PERMRW) podfile1 manpage1 ...
testviaharness
my $command = $mm->testviaharness($perl, $tests);
Returns a $command line which runs the given set of $tests with
Test::Harness and the given $perl.
Used on the t/*.t files.
testviascript
my $command = $mm->testviascript($perl, $script);
Returns a $command line which just runs a single test without
Test::Harness. No checks are done on the results, they're just
printed.
Used for test.pl, since they don't always follow Test::Harness format-
ting.
toolautosplit
Defines a simple perl call that runs autosplit. May be deprecated by
pmtoblib soon.
FFiillee::::SSppeecc wwrraappppeerrss
ExtUtils::MMAny is a subclass of File::Spec. The methods noted here
override File::Spec.
catfile
File::Spec <= 0.83 has a bug where the file part of catfile is not
canonicalized. This override fixes that bug.
MMiisscc
Methods I can't really figure out where they should go yet.
findtests
my $test = $mm->findtests;
Returns a string suitable for feeding to the shell to return all tests
in t/*.t.
extracleanfiles
my @filestoclean = $MM->extracleanfiles;
Returns a list of OS specific files to be removed in the clean target
in addition to the usual set.
installvars
my @installvars = $mm->installvars;
A list of all the INSTALL* variables without the INSTALL prefix. Use-
ful for iteration or building related variable sets.
libscan
my $wanted = $self->libscan($path);
Takes a path to a file or dir and returns an empty string if we don't
want to include this file in the library. Otherwise it returns the the
$path unchanged.
Mainly used to exclude version control administrative directories from
installation.
platformconstants
my $makefrag = $mm->platformconstants
Returns a make fragment defining all the macros initialized in
initplatform() rather than put them in constants().
AUTHOR Michael G Schwern and the denizens of make-
maker@perl.org with code from ExtUtils::MMUnix and ExtUtils::MMWin32.
perl v5.8.8 2001-09-21 ExtUtils::MMAny(3pm)